Feeling run down is frustrating. Not knowing why you feel bad makes it worse.
Your primary care provider can figure out the cause. For now, though, here’s a look at how asthma, allergies and the common cold are different.
Why Those Three Conditions Are Easy to Confuse
Asthma, allergies and the common cold can all lead to a stuffy or runny nose, coughing and feeling tired. But when you know the cause of your sickness, you can take the right steps to feel better sooner.
Common Cold: What Sets It Apart
A cold is caused by a virus. Your body fighting that virus is what makes you feel sick. Common signs of a cold include:
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Sore throat
- Mild body aches
- Sometimes a low fever
Colds usually start slowly, get worse for a few days and go away after 7 to 10 days. They can spread from person to person. So, if you’ve been near someone who was sick, you may have a cold.
Seasonal Allergies: A Different Kind of Reaction
Allergies are not caused by a virus. They act up when your body reacts to pollen, dust, pet hair or mold.
Common allergy symptoms include:
- Sneezing
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Itchy or watery eyes
Allergies don’t cause fever or body aches, but they can last for weeks. They’re often worst during certain seasons or in certain places. If your symptoms show up at the same time each year or when you’re around pets, you probably have allergies.
Asthma: When Breathing Becomes the Main Concern
Recognizing Asthma Symptoms
Asthma is a long-term condition that affects your breathing.
Common signs of asthma include:
- Shortness of breath
- Chest tightness
- Wheezing
- An ongoing cough
Asthma often gets worse at night or after exercise. It does not go away on its own.
When Asthma and Allergies Overlap
Some people have both asthma and allergies. When that’s the case, one condition can make the other worse. For instance, allergies can make breathing problems even harder to control.
That can make it harder to know what’s causing your symptoms. A provider can help you sort it out and find the right treatment.
A Quick Reference Guide to Key Differences
Not sure which condition you have? This can help:
- Cold: May include fever, spreads between people and usually goes away in 7 to 10 days
- Allergies: There’s no fever, they don’t spread and they last as long as you’re around the trigger
- Asthma: There’s no fever, it doesn’t spread and it causes breathing problems like wheezing
When It’s Time to Talk with a Provider
Talk to your primary care provider if:
- You have trouble breathing
- Symptoms last more than 10 days
- Symptoms keep coming back
- Medicine from the store is not helping
Getting the Right Diagnosis
Sneezing and congestion can be confusing. A provider can identify the cause and provide the right care.
If your symptoms are not getting better, it may be time to schedule a visit.